New Research # 28,
Injection for HIV prevention.
New research # 28
Injection for HIV ( Human immunodeficiency virus) prevention is introduced recently, under the name of ” Lenacapavir “. HIV attacks on human immune system.Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When a person becomes infected with HIV, the virus attacks and weakens the immune system. As the immune system weakens, the person is at risk for getting life-threatening infections and cancers. Effected people usually take medicines to prevent from Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).Because HIV works backward to insert its instructions into our DNA, it is called a retrovirus.
Contents:
- What is AIDS ?
- HIV and AIDS.
- HIV’s destruction.
- Retrovirus mean ?
- Cause of HIV infection.
- Symptoms of HIV infection.
- Treatment.
What is Aids ?
AIDS is the final and most serious stage of an HIV infection. People with AIDS have very low counts of certain white blood cells and severely damaged immune systems. They may have additional illnesses that indicate that they have progressed to AIDS.
Without treatment, HIV infections progress to AIDS in about 10 years.
HIV and AIDS.
The difference between HIV and AIDS is that HIV is a virus that weakens your immune system. AIDS is a condition that can happen as a result of an HIV infection when our immune system is severely weakened.
You can’t get AIDS if you aren’t infected with HIV. Thanks to treatment that slows down the effects of the virus, not everyone with HIV progresses to AIDS. But without treatment, almost all people living with HIV will advance to AIDS.
AIDS can cause rapid weight loss, extreme tiredness, mouth or genital ulcers, fevers, night sweats and skin discolorations. Other illnesses and cancers often happen in people living with AIDS and can cause additional symptoms.
HIV destruction.
HIV infects white blood cells of your immune system called CD4 cells, or helper T cells. It destroys CD4 cells, causing your white blood cell count to drop. This leaves you with an immune system that can’t fight off infections, even those that wouldn’t normally make you sick.
HIV initially makes you feel sick with flu-like symptoms. Then it can hide in your body for a long time without causing noticeable symptoms. During that time, it slowly destroys your T-cells. When your T-cells get very low or you begin to get certain illnesses that people with healthy immune systems don’t get, HIV has progressed to AIDS.
A retrovirus is a virus that works backward from the way
Retrovirus mean ?
human cells do. Human cells have instructions (DNA) that send a message (RNA) to make building blocks for your body (proteins).
Retroviruses have their instructions written on RNA. When a retrovirus invades your cells, it changes its RNA to look like your cells’ instructions (DNA). Then it cuts your cells’ DNA and inserts its instructions into them. Your cell then acts as though the virus’ instructions are its own.
HIV is a retrovirus. All viruses invade your cells and then use your cells’ “machinery” to make more copies of themselves. HIV not only uses your cells to make more of itself, but it also inserts its instructions into your DNA.
Cause of HIV infection.
Not every one get infected with HIV. The causes of HIV are :
- People who identify as gay, bisexual and men who have sex with men (MSM).
- Certain races such as people who are Black or Hispanic.
Those who exchange sex for money or other items are also at high risk for HIV infection.
Symptoms of HIV infection.
A person could have HIV infection, even the symptom do not appear. any hoe, symptoms of HIV infection are :
- Chills.
- Fatigue
- Mouth sores.
- Night sweats.
- Muscle aches.
- Rash.
- Sour throat.
- Swollen lymph .
Treatment .
At present, there is no HIV treatment so far.
source : my.clevelandclinic.org
Treatment.
Up till now, there is no cure for HIV infection. Infected people are compelled to adopt preventing strategies. For this purpose, Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is necessary . PrEP is a medicine that when taken as prescribed, can greatly reduce your risk of getting HIV from sex and injection drug use. PrEP can stop HIV from taking hold and spreading throughout your body.
A study recently published in the ” New England Journal of Medicine “, where they mentioned that using ” Lenacapavir injection , which is an antiretroviral drug, used to treat HIV infection as a PrEP method.
Injections of Lenacapavir were effective over 96 % for preventing HIV infection.
Researchers also found this option is more effective than the PrEP or taking ” Emtricitabine – Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate every day.
Achievements:
- HIV infection is still a problem for human being, and a challenge for scientists and researchers.
- It was found in a study that Lenacapavir injection could greatly reduce the risk of HIV infection for 6 months. The injection need to be injected after 6 months .